Ziyarat is, however, not merely a way of reaching God to ask for help. They're informed by the cultures we most associate ourselves with. Somaq: It is a Persian spice that represents sunlight. As the present findings show, the RCOPE methods appear to be of great importance to the Iranian interviewees. Iranians often like to consider themselves as having a cultured yet rebellious and revolutionary identity as a people. The results were part of a larger study in which the purpose was to understand nurses' experiences of delivery of care for Iraqi patients. Permission will be required if your reuse is not covered by the terms of the License. Examples include post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, and high blood pressure, and about half of the Somali refugees and asylum-seekers suffer from a combination of two or more of these conditions (Gerritsen et al., 2006). Thus, turning to religion in coping is primarily a matter of the prominence of religion in the individuals culture of socialisation. After delivering a written application to the respective authorities in hospitals and rehabilitation centres, formal permissions for conducting the research were obtained. However, Iranians generally do not try to talk themselves up to defend their honour. Most Christians are Armenian in origin (Statistical Center of Iran, Citation2018). Iran is an Islamic republic, both officially and in practice. However, as men dominate the public sphere and hold more decision-making power, womens authority is mostly limited to the domestic space. Essential to our study is, thus, not the study of coping only from a psychological perceptive but mainly the role of culture in the present study; we define culture as a system of beliefs, traditions, customs, art, history, folklore, institutions, norm and values and how they are expressed a system that is shared by members of a society, community or group. The several religious coping methods found in the present study are categorised on the basis of RCOPEs five basic religious functions. Iranians regularly break the Islamic civil rules; however, this always carries a risk of arrest. Sobhani and Mirdarikondi (Citation2014) found that ziyarat enhances enthusiasm and positive behaviour in individuals. It is a country with a rich history and unique culture. Iranian culture remains relatively class conscious. Does a Dog's Head Shape Predict How Smart It Is? Iranians can be a superstitious bunch, especially when it comes to being jinxed. In this regard, a 53-year-old woman, told us: I never ask the clergy for help.. As Willander (Citation2014, p. 21) explains, the aspects of the religious which are invested with cultural meaning do not need to be either historically or theologically correct to be socially relevant. It is therefore for understanding the use of religious coping by cancer patients, that a sociological perspective seems necessary. In this regard, a 60-year-old woman explained: I feel extreme closeness to God. Iran is the 17th largest country in the world. The study offers nurses empirical data to help shape conversations about end-of-life care, and thus to enhance their commitment to help people 'die well'. One 41-year-old man explained this: We have a responsibility to act. This ensures that the households name is not implicated with trouble and their honour is protected. 6. Furthermore, ethnic minorities tend to have distinctive forms of social organisation that are sometimes more collectivistic. Culture is one of the most important factors affecting the development of motherhood in Iran. Iranian women have traditionally been some of the most liberal in their interpretation of the hijab, often wearing a shayla significantly looser than what is customary in most other Muslim cultures. References (10) An Examination of the Folk Healing Practice of Curanderismo in the Hispanic Community. The transcriptions were then coded, categorised, and thematised using a thematic analysis method. You might choose a career based on your family culture by picking something you know your family values. However, the interviews had different reasons for practicing such habits. Culture influences the health comprehension, treatment options, and diagnostic claims of an individual. The modernization processes that took place in the 20th century, until the Islamic revolution, changed the situation with the modern and educated classes. Data was reported in Iran in 2013 has shown that almost 42 percent of deliveries in public hospitals and 90 percent in private hospitals were carried out with cesarean section. It is also considered quite prestigious to be able to trace ones heritage back for centuries. Instead, people are expected to self-deprecate their success. Background Spirituality plays an important role during old age, but reveals itself as a confounding mental health concept, which needs to be defined when providing spiritual care. Such tight control of their behaviour has resulted in their seclusion and exclusion. Naturally, in most societies religion is not the sole available resource in an individuals orienting system; there are other dimensions in life e.g., biological, psychological, social, and environmental to which a person can turn when faced with adversity. MODULE 9: Filipino Culture, Values, and Practices in relation to Health Care of Individual and Family. With this technique I tried to create an image of whatever I would like to happen in the future. This loyalty also means that family honour and shame is shared between all family members. It is worth noting that all interviews were conducted and audio-recorded upon obtaining informed consent from the informants. Food in daily Life: Iranians have a healthy diet centered on fresh fruits, greens and vegetables. The whole life, since our birth, we are socialised to believe in saints. My job is sweeping the kitchen floor after dinner and by doing this task, I am helping to keep the . Some reports show that 26.5 percent of Iranian women and 20.8 percent of Iranian men have mental-health difficulties. In accomplishing this, we started from the project aim, using previous results from the project as a whole. If a child knows that he has certain chores to do each day, it teaches him responsibility. Coding continued until a high level of inter-rater agreement was reached. August 12, 2011. Here the concept of savab (reward) comes into the picture. Deborah A. Boyle, RN, MSN. It would seem reasonable to assume that religion is more accessible to individuals whose orientation system is greatly marked by religion. This work was supported by Hgskolan i Gvle: [Grant Number 7350]. Islamic clergy can be regarded as vicar, master or guardian. It is a Muslim man, or woman, educated in Islamic theology and sacred law. When religion is a highly accessible resource that is always available in a persons sociocultural context, it is likely that, in times of crisis, the person will turn to religion instead of other resources. The culture of sitting next to the table, pickles, flavors, sweets, and the rituals of its beginning and end, or hosting, and serving food is one of the main pillars, also shows this importance. Our . Putting others before ones self is considered the most dignified behaviour (see Taarof in Etiquette for a further explanation). Cultural family values normalizing child marriage. Therefore, people could proceed from the idea that God does not intervene, but is supportive of the individual throughout the coping process. perceived barriers to health. Indeed, many of the older generation in particular find modern dating practices dishonourable and can be ashamed of their sons and especially their daughters if they engage in it. Cultural beliefs affect health and wellness through the information that it provides for its people. In our study, we found a tendency toward using these habits as coping strategies to gain comfort and closeness to God. Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine. Family culture influences the way each family member thinks, feels, and acts on a daily basis. The Fatima Masumeh Shrine in Qom, Iran is one of the holiest sites for Shia M Nevertheless, the results of several studies (Ahmadi, Citation2006, Citation2015; Ahmadi, Park, Kim, & Ahmadi Citation2017; Ahmadi & Ahmadi, Citation2018) reveal the occurrence of other coping strategies that can hardly be regarded as religious or spiritual, for instance, strategies connected to nature. Perhaps the biggest implication the system of governance has had on Iranian culture relates to the way Iranians conduct themselves in public and private. I told the nurse to bring me a Quran. In the current article, we present the results from our study in Iran, which looks at religious coping methods from a cultural perspective. (Bhardwaj, Citation1998, p. 72). Robert T. Muller, Ph.D., is a professor of psychology at York University, and the author of the book Trauma and the Avoidant Client. Mass Shooters and the Myth That Evil Is Obvious, Transforming Empathy Into Compassion: Why It Matters. Nevertheless, many parents suggest partners to their children, who then may or may not agree with their recommendation. We found that some interviewees, in trying to achieve comfort and cope with the stressor of cancer, used this method. keeping to the rules to avoid attracting the attention of government operatives). It is a common belief that these actions are good actions that satisfy God and pursue Him to help them. Across its history, Iran has continuously pursued modernisation whilst looking to maintain its spiritual integrity. It is common for Iranians to refer to themselves as Persian, which carries the association and prestige of the historical empire.1 The Iranian culture and people have a history of being one of the most progressive in the Middle East. Several researchers (Ahmadi & Ahmadi, Citation2018; DeMarinis, Citation2014; Lloyd, Citation2018) have investigated this relation from divergent perspectives. Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab. He gave me my life and He can take it back. It seems that making decision for cesarean is done under the influence of cultural perceptions and beliefs. One contributing factor may be that women in Iran are often confined to the home, leading to isolation and poor domestic conditions. By the likes of tall poppy syndrome, people are expected to be humble and unassuming about themselves. Ethnicity, Language, and Religion in Iran. whether for cultural or other non-therapeutic reasons. Iranian culture is one of the oldest in the region, and it has influenced cultures like Italy, Macedonia, Greece, Russia, the Arabian Peninsula, and parts of Asia. The holy places may also function as reminders of God; Islamic/Quranic teachings argue that remembrance of Allah leads to peace and satisfaction: Those who believe and whose hearts find peace in the remembrance of Allh. According to the scripture, there should be a partition (hijab) between men and women that are not related (non-mahram). Ziyarat seems, to be composed of subsystems that have developed in several cultural contexts, each of which shares the universal characteristics of Islam, but also reflects [the regional] cultural distinctivenesscontrary to Hajj, the behavior of the individuals in the ziarat [Ziyarat], reflects the cultural context and the individuals existential questthere are no uniformity prescribed rules. Visiting pilgrims is for me like praying. 6. The term "family values" has become a popular phrase in recent years. Education is greatly valued in Iranian culture and so people often seek to have at least a basic understanding of a broad range of topics. It is worth noting that the expectations regarding what is honourable and shameful can vary significantly between different people, family backgrounds and social attitudes. In Islam, Shafaah is the act of pleading to God by an intimate friend of God for forgiveness and miraculous healing. The concept of imamat is important to the Shiites.Footnote5 They believe that, without imamat, the faith of Muslims is not complete. Thus, it is quite understandable that some interviewees use Religious Purification as a coping method. Nevertheless, much of the population shares the benefits of the middle class. The purpose of this study was to explore factors promoting Iranian older adults' spirituality. Results of data analysis show the importance of using protective expressions when complimenting in Persian and Arabic. In this respect, two interviewees understood their collaboration with God as follows: I dont believe in predestination. Love is the ultimate imperative for Iranians, reflected in the rich language of Persian poems and literature in which hopeless romantics search for the true and pure love. Previously, people usually only dated after high school; however, it is becoming common for teenagers to do so. ,islamic council of queensland,haram,providers,guide,handbook,islamic,food beliefs,caring for muslim patients,Islamic beliefs affecting health care The Five Key Religious Functions that constitute the basis of RCOPE were used to categorise these methods. The study offers nurses empirical data to help shape conversations about end-of-life care, and thus to enhance their commitment to help people 'die well', and should include retrieval of individuals' cultural and religious beliefs and values, and preferences for care. "Cultural family values" emerged as a facilitator for child marriage. The study reveals that, as Shia Muslims, the informants while relying on the power of the God believe in their own efforts to receive Gods mercy, often by making a pilgrimage, ziyarat. Speaking up or publishing material that questions the current system can also be interpreted as anti-Islamic. The Imam is the guarantor of this process. When healthcare professionals encounter a more acculturated Hmong family in the U.S., they will likely see more balance of power between mother and father. Register a free Taylor & Francis Online account today to boost your research and gain these benefits: Religion, culture and illness: a sociological study on religious coping in Iran, Department of Social Work and Psychology, University of Gvle, Gvle, Sweden, Department of Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, Department of Counseling Psychology, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran, Department of Nursing, Khoy Medical Sciences Faculty, Urmia Medical Sciences University, Khoy, Iran, Department of Psychology and Education of Exceptional Children, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, Department of Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran, Swedish Agency for Work Environment Knowledge, Gvle, Sweden, Initial development of the Iranian Religious Coping Scale, Non-Hajj pilgrimage in Islam: A neglected dimension of religious circulation, A contrastive study of Arabic and Persian formulas against the evil eye used by women, Does being religious help or hinder coping with chronic illness? Mental illness in a family member is viewed as a familial flaw. . My destiny and life are in His hands and I accept whatever He decides for me. One is Support from Saints and Imams but not Clergy. I believe everybody has sinned somehow. The Persians were only one of these tribes who settled in the territory of Persis (also Parsa, modern-day Fars) which would give them their name. Table 1 shows the demographic characteristics of the informants. Underground, people behave the way they truly believe, often relaxing their moral codes of behaviour. ( non-mahram ) the attention of government operatives ) shows the demographic of. Especially when it comes to being jinxed two interviewees understood their collaboration with as... Each family member is viewed as a whole way each family member is viewed as a facilitator child. Shared between all family members who then may or may not agree with their.... 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